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HMRC R&D Enquiry Process & Timeline

Understanding the enquiry process helps you prepare effectively and set realistic expectations. Here's what typically happens from receiving the letter to resolution.

Typical Enquiry Timeline

1
Day 0

Enquiry Letter Received

You receive a letter from HMRC opening an enquiry into your R&D claim. The letter specifies which accounting period is under review, what information HMRC requires, and the deadline for your response (usually 30 days).

2
Days 1-3

Forward to Your Adviser

Send the letter to your R&D adviser or accountant immediately. If you don't have specialist support, contact Innovation Plus for an urgent review. The 30-day clock is already running.

3
Day 30

Initial Response Deadline

Your response must be submitted by this deadline. Extensions are possible but must be requested before the deadline expires, with good reason.

4
Weeks 2-8

Information Exchange

HMRC reviews your response and may request additional information, ask follow-up questions, or request a meeting (video or in-person). This stage can involve multiple rounds of correspondence.

5
Weeks 8-16

HMRC Officer Review

The HMRC officer reviews all information and forms their view. This is often the longest stage as it depends on HMRC workload.

6
Variable

Meeting (If Required)

Some enquiries require a meeting to discuss technical details. This may involve your technical staff, your R&D adviser, HMRC compliance officer, and HMRC technical specialist.

7
Resolution

Enquiry Concluded

The enquiry concludes with one of several outcomes: full acceptance (claim stands), partial reduction, full rejection, or discovery assessment (previous years opened).

Key Deadlines

  • 30 days – Standard response deadline
  • Before deadline – Request extension if needed
  • 3-6 months – Typical pre-payment check duration
  • 6-18 months – Full enquiry duration

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Information HMRC Commonly Requests

Being prepared with this documentation can significantly speed up the enquiry process.

Technical Documentation

  • Detailed narrative explaining R&D activities
  • Evidence of technological uncertainty at project start
  • Explanation of how uncertainties were resolved
  • Project specifications and technical documents
  • Email correspondence about technical challenges
  • Test results and iteration records

Personnel Information

  • Competent professional qualifications
  • CVs of key technical staff
  • Organisational chart
  • Staff time allocation records (timesheets)
  • Employment contracts

Financial Documentation

  • Detailed cost breakdown by project
  • Payroll records for claimed staff
  • Subcontractor invoices and contracts
  • Consumables receipts and calculations
  • Grant documentation (if applicable)

Methodology Evidence

  • How time allocations were determined
  • Basis for apportionment calculations
  • Process for identifying qualifying activities

Need Help Navigating the Process?

Our experienced team has handled hundreds of HMRC enquiries. We know what works.